<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">Early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus continues to be a challenge. Established test protocols are either elaborate and expensive or of limited quality, and even the concept of prediabetes is debated. The key determinants of glucose homeostasis, beta cell function and insulin sensitivity, have low utility when assessed independently. Their combination, the dynamic disposition index, a measure of the feedback loop’s circular gain, is a more meaningful parameter for the homeostatic function. Still, its determination requires a frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test, a complex and time-consuming procedure.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">An innovative approach developed by our team members in Germany, India, Singapore and the UK promises to be not only simpler but even better. It is derived from SPINA Carb, a method to assess key properties of the feedback control system based on single measurements of insulin and glucose, and on mathematical modelling. The new technique delivers a novel fasting-based disposition index (SPINA-DI), which is obtained from the reconstructed beta cell function (SPINA-GBeta) and static insulin sensitivity (SPINA-GR).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">Using computer simulations, we could show that the new parameter confirms a theory of dynamical compensation of insulin resistance by enhanced beta cell output in the metabolic syndrome. In a subsequent evaluation that was performed in three cohorts from the United States, Germany and India this assumption could be corroborated.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">In all three populations, SPINA-DI correlated with important predictors of metabolic function including the response to oral glucose tolerance testing, the disposition index according to Matsuda and DeFronzo, HbA1c fraction, waist circumference and concentrations of free fatty acids, ghrelin and adiponectin. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">Furthermore, SPINA-DI had higher retest reliability than other calculated markers of glucose homeostasis. For the diagnosis of diabetes, SPINA-DI had better accuracy than alternative methods including the dynamic disposition index based on frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance testing.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">In summary, the new fasting-based disposition index provides an inexpensive, precise and reliable measure for the performance of the feedback loop. It may complement and, in many cases, replace established methods that are more costly and laborious.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;">Reference:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm; font-size: medium; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" size="2">Dietrich JW, Abood A, Dasgupta R, Anoop S, Jebasingh FK, Spurgeon R, Thomas N, Boehm BO. A novel simple disposition index (SPINA-DI) from fasting insulin and glucose concentration as a robust measure of carbohydrate homeostasis. J Diabetes. 2024 Jan 2. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13525. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38169110. </font><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169110/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169110/</a> </p><div><br></div><div>
<meta charset="UTF-8"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">-- PD Dr. med. Johannes W. Dietrich<br>-- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section<br>-- Department of Medicine I, St. Josef Hospital<br>-- Ruhr University of Bochum<br>-- Gudrunstr. 56, D-44791 Bochum, NRW, Germany<br>-- Phone: +49:234:509-2311, Fax: +49:234:509-2309<br>-- eMail: "johannes.dietrich@ruhr-uni-bochum.de“</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">-- ORCID 0000-0002-1185-3549</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">-- http://www.endokrinologie.org</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- —<br><br>Announcement: Our eBook "Thyroid Hormones and Cardiac Arrhythmia“ has been published. </div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">You may want to visit http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-83250-253-2 or https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/16898/thyroid-hormones-and-cardiac-arrhythmia.<br><br><br><br><br></div></div></div></div></div>
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